Roman+Empire

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 * 1) = Roman Empire, (6000 BC - AD 500) By: Jordan Beck and Reed Cronin =

**__ Terms __**
**Insulate-** apartment blocks for the poor, could be six stories high, poorly built and often collasped **Twelve Tables**- these were Romes first codes of laws **Triumvirate**- a government run by three people with equal power, Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey were the first three in Rome **Partricians**- great landowners, became Romes ruling class **Plebeans**- less wealthy landowners, crafts people, merchants, and small farmers

The geography of the Roman Empire consists of the Italian Peninsula, Mediterranean Sea ("Roman Lake") the Alp Mountains (North), Gual Mountains (France), and the Appenie Mountains which dived Italy into East and West. Rome ran along the Tiber River and was built on seven hills, the Esquiline hill was the largest of the seven. Palatine hill was where Romulus built his village. There were various advantages of Rome's location starting with the fact that the Roman Empire surrounded the entire Mediterranean Sea which is the worlds largest inland sea. Rome was the center for trade routes in the region. The Roman Empire also had a defensive advantage against opposing enimies because it was built on hills (above rest of land) eighteen miles inland. The Roman Empire also had very fertile land throughout its empire. This allowed the Romans good crops and trade. Because the Roman Empire controlled the Mediterranean Sea, transportation was centered around its empire.

The Roman Empire was continually involved in wars throughout history. The first main wars that the Roman's were involved in were the Punic Wars, a series of three wars between Rome and Carthage over trade. The first Punic War lasted from 264 BC to 241 BC and was for control of Sicily, during this war Carthage asked for peace. The second Punic War was from 218 BC to 201 BC. During the second Punic, in the battle of Canae, 45,000 Romans were killed. Also during the second Punic War was the Battle of Zama in which Scipio defeated the Carthigian leader Hannibal in North Africa. The third Punic War started in 149 BC and ended in 146 BC. The Roman Senator Cato said "Carthage must be destroyed!" and the Romans massacred Carthage in 149 BC. Following the Punic Wars was the Civil War from 90 BC to 88 BC where Lucius Sulla, a Military Dictator, defeated Marius and 1,000 people were executed. In 451 AD during the Battle of Chalons, the Romans defeated Attila.

Throughout the Roman Empire there were several important rulers. Romulus and Remus were the twin brothers who built Rome in 753 BC, however Romulus killed Remus and Rome is named after Romulus. Around 133 BC two brothers were known as the Champions of Poor in the Roman Empire. Tibrius Grachus gave land to the poor and Gaius Grachus sold the grain to the poor, both brothers were killed by the Roman Senate. Julius Caesar was Romes greatest General. Julius Caesar is famous for the words "Vene, Vidi, Vici." when he takes Rome, it translates to "I came, I saw, I conquered." Ceasar was appointed Dictator for life by Senate in 46 BC. Julius reformed and united the empire, he gave free grain to poor, reduced unemployment, and allowed plebians to be elected to Senate. Julius Caesar was stabbed to death by Gaius Cassius and Marcus Brutus. The first Roman Imperator (Emperor) was Augustus. He was given the title "Exalted One" by Senate. During August's rule he also reforms by creating a Legion loyal to Emperor and Legionarires were allowed to settle in provinces. He also created a Census survey for taxes, Power for Emperor increased and power for Senate decreased. Commodus was responsible for the decline of Rome and was known as "Mad Emperor" and was the son of Marcus Aurelius who was "last of good Emperors." Jesus was born in 0 AD and was crusified in 33 AD. Jesus is the founder of Christianity, Chirstianity was protected by Emperor Constantine and was named the official religion of Rome in 392 AD.

__ Quote __
"Experience is the teacher of all things." Julius Caesar



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 * __ People __**
 * 1) Jullius Ceasar- was in the first Triunvirate, Romes greatest general, said "i came, i saw, i conquered!" appointed dictator for life by Senate.
 * 2) Calisula- had insane behavior, made his horse a consul, called Little Boot
 * 3) Nero- blamed for a fire that destroyed much of Rome, commited suicide and said, "What an artist dies in me."
 * 4) Marcus Aurelius- Last of the good empires, he defended the empire against invasion from the Barbarians
 * 5) Commodus- "mad Empire" son of Marcus Aurelius started the decline of Rome

[|The Roman Empire] This website is easy to read has many interactive maps, and lots of links [|The Romans in Britain] This site is for younger kids but answers many good questions, and there is quizes and test to check your knowledge [|Secrets of Lost Empire] Thsi site has many links and talks about many intersting secrets about the empire [|The Roman Empire in the First Century] This site has classroom activities, vidieos, and information on everything that happened in the first century in Rome [|Rome's Rise To Power] This site has classroom lesson plans, it is easy to read, and talks about the Roman governments media type="youtube" key="ZmCtx11izBQ" width="425" height="350" media type="custom" key="11404844"

__Timeline__

 * 1) 650 B.C- Etruscans rule Rome
 * 2) 509 B.C- Rome becomes a republic
 * 3) 450 B.C- The Twelve Tables is Rome's first code of laws
 * 4) 312 B.C- Appean Way built
 * 5) 264 B.C- Punic Wars begin
 * 6) 44 B.C- Julius Caesar assassinated
 * 7) A.D. 33- Jesus dies in Jerusalem
 * 8) A.D. 79- Popeii destroyed in eruption of Mount Vesuvius
 * 9) A.D. 180- Pax Romana ends
 * 10) A.D. 476- Fall of the Roman Empire